Layout Terminology

What are Folio Numbers/Folio?

1. a volume having pages of the largest size, formerly made from such a sheet.
2. a leaf of a manuscript or book numbered only on the front side.
3. (in a book) the number of each page. (in a newspaper) the number of each page together with the date and the name of the newspaper.
4. (adj.)pertaining to or having the format of a folio:
5. (v.t.)to number each leaf or page of.

I found this website which details alot about all the definitions of books and different terminology:

http://hq.abaa.org/books/antiquarian/abaapages/glossary.html

What are drop caps?

With a drop cap, the initial sits within the margins and runs several lines deep into the paragraph, indenting some normal-sized text in these lines. This keeps the left and top margins of the paragraph flush.

How to put drop caps in InDesign

Drop cap formatted automatically by nested character style

1. Create a character style that has the formatting you want to use for the drop-cap character.
2. Do one of the following:
   • To apply the drop cap to a single paragraph, choose Drop Caps And Nested Styles from the Paragraph panel menu.
   • To nest the character style in a paragraph style, double-click the paragraph style, and then click Drop Caps And Nested Styles.
3. Specify the number of drop-cap lines and characters, and then choose the character style.
4. If the drop cap is aligned too far away from the left edge, select Align Left Edge.
   Selecting this option uses the original left side bearing of the drop-cap character rather than the larger value. It’s particularly useful for drop caps formatted in sans serif fonts.
5. If the drop cap character overlaps the text below it, select Scale For Descenders.
6. Click OK.

http://help.adobe.com/en_US/indesign/cs/using/WSE33E49F9-94CE-4043-AA51-4761408A63F4a.html

What is a box?

A box is a square format layout which can consist of any medium (image/text for example), useful in InDesign for guides and layout.

What are rulers?

Rulers are straight edge guides which help in any design formatting and development to keep things straight and easily measured.

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What is a double page spread?

A double page spread is a layout that covers two facing pages that is usually in a newspaper or magazine, the textual material continues from the left hand side to the right hand side depending where it's made. (eg manga: right to left.)
What is a grid?

A grid is a made from horizontal and vertical guides that help organise and balance the content of a page. It's made up from margins, gutters and columns which help the designer align their content to the associated rows and columns.
Margins 

The empty spaces that take hold around the edges of a page are the margins, the top and bottoms are often occupied by headers and footers. They influences primarily how text is read on a page and is often wider on the outer margin to make room for the fingers. Often influenced by the content.
Gutters 
Gutters are the inside margins in a double page spread, they are the blank spaces on the inside of a double page spread, as well as that they are the space between two columns or rows. 
Columns 
Columns are the guidelines are vertically on a page, they add structure to text and split it up and page content.
Golden Section
The golden section is the golden number, it's a easy mean to creating a very balanced page layout by simply dividing the page length by 1.61.

Pagination
Pagination is the splitting up of information and content, an example of this would be on a webpage where all the buttons for different pages are all separated and split up (Home, about, store, etc.) 

Subheading
Subheadings allow for detailed information quickly and add more detail than a heading or title.

Paragraph
A paragraph is a section of writing that is usual revolves around a single theme and is often indicated by a new line and indentation.

Caption 
A caption is a description usually underneath an image, used often within magazines and newspapers to draw the reader in.

Ligature
A ligature is made up of 2 letters or more that are joined up together to make them look more attractive on a page, purely an aesthetic choice to make the letters more pleasing to the eye. 

Pica
A type measurement. One Pica contains 12 points.


Pixel
A pixel is a sample of a rastered image, used in a 2d grid using a circle or a square. Smallest element of an image available.

A physical point in a raster image, or the smallest addressable element in a display device; so it is the smallest controllable element of a picture represented on the screen. The address of a pixel corresponds to its physical coordinates.LCD pixels are manufactured in a two-dimensional grid, and are often represented using dots or squares, but CRT pixels correspond to their timing mechanisms and sweep rates.

Bit

A bit is the basic unit of measurement in computing, and it can only have a value of 1 or 0.
8 bits make a byte.

In computer graphics, color depth or bit depth is the number of bits used to indicate the color of a single pixel in a bitmapped image or video frame buffer. This concept is usually quantified as bits per pixel (bpp), which specifies the number of bits used. Color depth is only one aspect of color representation, expressing how finely levels of color can be expressed (a.k.a. color precision) ; the other aspect is howbroad a range of colors can be expressed (the gamut). The definition of both color precision and gamut is accomplished with a color encoding specification which assigns a digital code value to a location in a color space.

It is better to edit a 16 bit photograph (raw file) than 8 bit (JPEG) in Photoshop because there is more flexibility. You don't lose as much detail and there is a smoother transition.

Point
A point is the smallest unit of measurement in typography. 12 points make a pica. It is the usual unit used for measuring font size and leading.
It is important to remember that it measures the height of the type block not the letter itself.

Greeking
Greeking is using lorem ipsum as place holder, this is used to help design page layouts before the content is actually there so you can decide before hand what fonts and typechoices to do. By doing this you are forced to concentrate more on the layout than the content.

We then left out a piece of work to receive feedback on, I left out these layout examples, with bill murray as a place holder, I made these for the Design practice animal double page spread task as a break in to seeing what layouts would look like.

My feedback was:

Include more images, but brillant outcomes so far!

Fantastic range of layouts, I wouldn't change anything.

I like the far right two at the bottom, maybe experiment with more ways of laying out the text rather than just 3 vertical columns.

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The black one was the most useful because it gave me an idea of what was bad and where i could improve whereas the others only talked about the positive, not constructive.